Tiếng ViệtA comprehensive study of the properties,
applications, and reaction mechanisms of isocyanates
This article provides an in-depth overview of isocyanates—an important class of chemical compounds in the industrial sector. We will explore their physical properties, real-world applications, molecular structure, production methods, and reaction mechanisms.
Table of Contents
1. What is Isocyanate?
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….3
2. Physical Properties of Isocyanates
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..4-5
3. Applications of Isocyanates
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..6
4. Molecular Structure
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..7
5. Production Methods
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..8
6. Reaction Mechanism
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..9-10
7. Conclusion
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..11
1. What is Isocyanate?
Isocyanate is a general term for chemical compounds containing the functional group
N=C=O (isocyanate group) within their molecular structure
When the carbon (C) atom positioned between nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) reacts with the
hydroxyl group (–OH) of an alcohol, it forms polyurethane. The first synthesis of polyurethane
from isocyanates was discovered by French chemist A. Wurtz in 1849.
Important note: Isocyanates do not occur naturally; they are only produced through artificial synthesis.
Reference: The Society of Polymer Science, Japan – Revised Edition (2005)
2. Physical Properties of Isocyanates
Urethane raw materials can be classified into two main categories: aromatic and aliphatic isocyanates.
The table below summarizes the physical properties of three common types of isocyanates: